Chemical Fertilizers

Chemical Fertilizer refers to a wide range of synthetic compound chemicals used to boost crop output. For example, some chemical fertilizers are “nitrogenous”, meaning they include nitrogen, whereas others are phosphate-based. Potassium is another fertilizer. Ammonium phosphate, nitro phosphate, potassium, and other nutrients are commonly found in complex (or mixed) chemical fertilizers.

Chemical Fertilizers are used to boost the growth of all types of crops. It enhances soil fertility which ultimately provides a good yield at the time of harvesting. Over time due to relentless cultivation of crops, soil tends to become less fertile. In such conditions, cultivators use fertilizers to make the soil rich and fertile again.

Types of Chemical Fertilizers

Nitrate Fertilizers - The largest and most significant type, nitrogen-based fertilizers, needs numerous manufacturing procedures. The basic components are nitrogen from the air and hydrogen from natural gas/methane (CH₄). Ammonia is the end product of a high-temperature and high-pressure reaction (NH₃). This intermediate product is oxidized to create nitric acid (HNO₃), which results in ammonium nitrate (AN) and, when combined with CO₂, urea as mineral fertilizers. UAN (urea ammonium nitrate) is the third form of nitrogen-based fertilizer created by combining AN, urea, and water.

Phosphorus Fertilizers - This class of fertilizers is derived from phosphate rock, a mined resource. Phosphate concentration is converted to single superphosphate (SSP) or phosphoric acid when treated with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). When this acid is combined with ammonia, it yields mono ammonium phosphate (MAP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP) (DAP).

Potassium fertilizers - This fertilizer is made from mined ore: potash rock, potassium carbonate, and potassium salts. Potassium fertilizers are created by first concentrating potash and then treating it to create a potassium chloride solution. When combined with nitric acid, this solution produces muriate of potash (MOP), potassium nitrate (KN), and sulfate of potash (SOP).

Uses & Benefits

Fertilizers aid in producing enough food to feed the world's population. They can, however, do considerably more. Micronutrient fertilizers are a type of fertilizer that is designed to boost crops with essential nutrients that promote human health. Micronutrients such as zinc, for example, are essential for human nutrition, particularly in youngsters. According to United Nations research, most of the world's grain crops are cultivated on soil deficient in zinc; providing micronutrient fertilizers to grain crops enriches the grain with an essential nutrient.

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