Aggregate Testing Equipment

Aggregate TestingEquipment plays a major role in pavement construction. Aggregates sway the load transfer capability of pavements to a good extent. Therefore, aggregates should be comprehensively tested before using them in the construction. Aggregates are required to be tested for hardness, strength, toughness, water absorption and shape. The following tests are done on aggregates to decide whether the aggregates are perfect for use in pavement construction or not:

(i) Abrasion Test

(ii) Impact Value Test

(iii) Crushing Test

(iv) Shape Test

(v) Soundness Test

(vi) Specific Gravity and Water Absorption Test

(vii) Bitumen adhesion Test

Details of equipments

Abrasion Testing Machine: The machine is as per IS2386-IV and is used to find the percentage wear caused by relative rubbing action between the aggregates and steel balls used as abrasive charge.

Impact Value Testing Machine: This machine is useful for determining the impact value of different types of aggregates i.e. the ability of aggregates to resist sudden impact or shock load on it. The impact load can break aggregate into smaller pieces and lead to failure of roads and pavements. Therefore, aggregate used for such purpose should have enough toughness to resist the crumbling due to the force. The machine comprises a steel cup shape as a cylinder, 13.5 to 14kg hammer with the end of cylindrical shape, sieves, tamping rod, balance and oven.

Crushing Value Test Apparatus: This test is used for finding a relative measure of the resistance of an aggregate crushing under steadily applied thorough load. The apparatus comprises of a steel cylinder15cm diameter with plunger and base plate, metal tamping rod, a balance, IS sieves, cylindrical metal measure, a compression testing machine, and dial gauge.

Shape Test: Shape test analyses flakiness index and elongation index. The presence of flaky and elongated particles is considered unwanted as they may breakdown because of heavy loads. The apparatus for shape test includes a standard thickness gauge, a standard length gauge, IS sieves of different sizes and a balance.

Soundness Test Apparatus: This test studies the resistance of coarse and fine aggregates to weathering action and also tests the durability of the coarse aggregate. The apparatus comprises of IS sieves of different sizes, container, weighing machine and drying oven.

Specific gravity and water absorption test: This test determines the strength or quality of the specific material. Aggregates with low specific gravity are generally weaker than those with higher specific gravity.

The apparatus used are a balance, a thermostatically controlled oven, a wire basket of up to 6.3mm mesh or a perforated container, a container, an air tight container, a shallow tray and two absorbent clothes.

Bitumen Adhesion Test Apparatus: This apparatus is employed to verify the adhesion of aggregates to be applied to the surface of wearing course of rolled asphalt. The apparatus is supplied complete with a metal basement having three vertical basement rods to hold the flat steel plate, high vertical rod with a slot at the upper end for the steel ball to drop, a steel ball, 6 metal test plates and a hand operated rubber wheel roller.

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